Potential of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in adulteration detection and quality assessment in buffalo and goat milks

Adulteration of higher priced milks with cheaper ones to obtain extra profit can be the cause adverse health effects as well economic loss. In this study, it was aimed differentiate goat-cow and buffalo-cow milk mixtures also estimate critical quality parameters these by evaluation Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data chemometric methods. Raw goat buffalo were mixed cow at 1–50% (v/v) concentrations FTIR spectra pure samples obtained 4000–650 cm−1. Orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) resulted in differentiation 93% 91% correct classification rates, respectively. Detection level for mixing is determined than 5% both milks. Total fat, protein, lactose non-fat solid contents predicted from spectral combination three types models R2 values 0.99. As a result, spectroscopy provides rapid simultaneous detection adulteration prediction regardless type.